#schongenial: From a psychological point of view, how important is appreciation for a person's general well-being?
Paul Kaufmann: I think it's important to emphasise that appreciation is much more than a social courtesy. Genuine, conscious appreciation - and I emphasise the word "conscious" - is a fundamental human need. Without appreciation, people can develop feelings of insecurity, isolation and inferiority, while regular appreciation is the foundation for a fulfilling and healthy life.
#schongenial: In one of your talks, you once said that mindfulness is a cultural technique and that mindfulness can be trained. Do you have the impression that we as a society need training in mindfulness?
Paul Kaufmann: Yes, the abundance of impressions, keyword information overload, is constantly increasing. The attention span, on the other hand, has decreased significantly in recent years. And when we talk about appreciation, we must also realise that you can only appreciate something that you have noticed. This means that if we know that appreciation is important for a successful society, then we also need to look at how to achieve this appreciation. The first step on this path is mindfulness.
#schongenial: What effects does consciously showing appreciation have on an individual's self-esteem and mental health?
Paul Kaufmann: There are several aspects to this. Appreciation strengthens and promotes self-esteem, improves relationship skills and strengthens social bonds. These aspects alone help to build greater resilience to stress and setbacks. Studies show that appreciation and gratitude are associated with a reduction in stress hormones such as cortisol. People who feel appreciated are less likely to suffer from depression, anxiety and burnout. Appreciation also has a significant impact on motivation and life satisfaction.
Appreciation is a cornerstone of healthy relationships. By appreciating others, we promote trust, closeness and mutual support. The feeling of being valued by others reduces social isolation and strengthens a sense of community - something we need now more than ever.
#schongenial: Are there measurable differences in the behaviour or mental and physical well-being of people who regularly experience appreciation compared to those who do not?
Paul Kaufmann: Yes, there are measurable differences in behaviour and in mental and physical well-being between people who regularly experience appreciation and those who do not. Studies in the fields of psychology, neuroscience and health science have shown that appreciation has profound effects on well-being.
Here are some specific differences:
- Psychological well-being: People who experience appreciation show higher self-esteem and emotional well-being. They are less likely to suffer from depression or anxiety disorders, experience higher levels of life satisfaction and optimism, and develop stronger resilience to stress and traumatic experiences.
- Behaviour: People who experience appreciation show prosocial behaviour, e.g. more helpfulness and empathy. They work more efficiently and with more commitment, especially in professional or social contexts, and develop closer social bonds and long-term relationships.
- Physical well-being: People who experience appreciation have lower stress hormone levels (e.g. cortisol) and better cardiovascular health. They experience increased immune function, recover faster from illness, sleep better and are less likely to suffer from stress-related complaints such as migraines or stomach problems.
Studies show that appreciation activates areas of the brain such as the prefrontal cortex and the reward centre, which leads to the release of dopamine and oxytocin. In people who experience little appreciation, these areas are less active, which correlates with higher stress and negative thinking.
People who regularly experience appreciation benefit mentally, physically and socially. They are more resilient, healthier and happier. In contrast, people without appreciation often experience stress, isolation and health problems. These differences are not only noticeable, but can also be scientifically proven.
#schongenial: What effects does appreciation have on social interaction and the dynamics in communities or groups?
Paul Kaufmann: I've already mentioned it: Appreciation has far-reaching positive effects on social interaction and the dynamics in communities or groups. It not only strengthens individual relationships, but also helps groups to act more efficiently, harmoniously and resiliently.
Appreciation strengthens the sense of community and promotes cohesion, because appreciation creates a feeling of belonging and connectedness. People who feel valued communicate more openly and without fear of rejection.
#schongenial: pro mente Reha is a partner of #schongenial, the initiative that makes positive things visible and conscious. What do you personally like about the initiative?
Paul Kaufmann: As we all have a pronounced tendency towards negativity (just look at the success of "bad news" in the media), it is particularly important to focus on what is successful in order not to overlook this success and thus create a realistic balance.
The targeted visualisation of "success" - i.e. positive developments, successes or progress - has numerous advantages that can be felt both on an individual and collective level. This approach not only promotes motivation and well-being, but also strengthens relationships and creates a culture of growth and recognition.
